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Nobel Prizes

  • Nobel 2008: To Yoichiro Nambu, Makoto Kobayashi and Toshihide Maskawa, to Yoichiro Nambu for the discovery of the mechanism of spontaneous broken symmetry in subatomic physics, the other half jointly to Makoto Kobayashi and Toshihide Maskawa for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature.

  • Nobel 2004: To David J. Gross, H. David Politzer and Frank Wilczek, for the discovery of asymptotic freedom in the theory of the strong interaction.

  • Nobel 1999: To Gerardus 't Hooft and Martinus J.G. Veltman, for elucidating the quantum structure of electroweak interactions in physics.

  • Nobel 1995: To Martin L. Perl and Frederick Reines, for pioneering experimental contributions to lepton physics.

  • Nobel 1992: To George Charpak, for his invention and development of particle detectors, in particular the multiwire proportional chamber.


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