Over the past 20 years cosmology, the study of the origin composition and evolution of the Universe, has made the transition to a precision science: the standard cosmological model has been established and its parameters are now measured with unprecedented precision. The next decade will see the era of large surveys; a large coordinated effort of the scientific community in the field is on-going to map the cosmos producing an exponentially growing amount of data. This offer a unique oportunity to use the Universe as a laboratory to know about fundamental physics. It also presents new challenges. I will discuss what has been learned from precision cosmology and speculate on what future opportunities and challenges might be.